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There are many different types of breast cancer that present different stages and therefore the treatment varies depending on the case of each patient. The treatment of breast cancer and especially the surgical part of it can be an extremely traumatic experience. Mr. Constantinos Benetatos and his team, understanding this, assures that patients will receive the best possible treatment. Today there are many good types of breast cancer treatment and eighty percent (80%) of women with breast cancer are cured of the disease.
Breast cancer occurs when cancer cells infiltrate healthy cells, more often than in dairy pores. If cancer cells appear on the surface of the milk duct but have not yet infected healthy, we are talking about a pre-cancerous condition known as Porcine Carcinoma in situ or DCIS (Ductal Carcinoma in Situ). At this stage, although it is not a invasive cancer and can not be extended to other areas of the body, there is an increased likelihood of developing into invasive / invasive cancer (Invasive Porcine Carcinoma), in which the carcinomatous cells grow into the breast milk duct .
Another relatively common type of breast cancer exited from dairy glands or milk dairy lobes (which produce milk and diffuse through milk in the nipples) is called Lobular In situ Carcinoma (LCIS) (Precancerous Damage) or Influenza Violet Carcinoma from the moment the cancer cells will infiltrate the healthy ones.
The best way to treat breast cancer for the patient depends on the type and stage of the cancer and will be discussed extensively during your session with Konstantinos Benetatos.
Surgery and radiation are the two main types of treatment to remove local disease – the removal or destruction of any form of cancer or precancerous damage as well as the axillary lymph nodes. Different surgical approaches include ochectomy (local or broad – also known as breast preservation surgery, where most of the mass is still present), mastectomy (where one or both breasts are removed) and surgery intervention in the axillary lymph nodes (the axillary lymph nodes are either removed or the first one removing the lymph from the breast – the lymph node) is removed.
Radiation therapy, along with chemotherapy or hormone therapy, can follow surgery to destroy potentially residual cancer cells in the breast, axillary region or systemically in the rest of the body. These supplemental therapies usually begin six weeks after surgery, and in some cases chemotherapy can be given before surgery (called Neoadjuvant chemotherapy).
Further information on breast cancer surgery can be found below. Please do not hesitate to contact us if you have any questions.
Breast cancer has the ability to disperse into the larynx of the armpit, and although this does not necessarily mean that the cancer has spread to the rest of the body, it is very important to evaluate and treat it as soon as possible. Surgery performed in axillary lymph nodes is a routine surgery for treating breast cancer.
When investigating the axillary lymph nodes, an ultrasound is performed in the area and then a biopsy, if a lymph node is estimated to be abnormal or suspected for metastatic disease.
Since the results of the magnetic or biopsy are clear, a sample of axillary lymph nodes is taken at the same surgical time of cancer removal. A three-centimeter incision in the armpit area removes 3-4 lymph nodes (sampling) which are then sent for histological examination. There are minimal side effects with the above technique and therefore no surgical drainage is necessary.
The biopsy of the Limfedena Guard is the most common process for investigating possible metastasis in axillary lymph nodes. This operation detects the first lymph node-which will accept the metastatic cancer cells from the breast and is the so-called lymphatic guards which is defined as the first gland that receives the lymph of the breast and thus the tumor. To identify the lymph node, a blue pigment or a radioisotope, or most of the time a combination of both in the nipple area, should be injected. The radioisotope should be infused in the morning before surgery, while the blue pigment should be injected at the time of surgery.
If cancer cells are detected in the axillary lymph nodes, a complete lymph node cleansing is performed through a 6-8 cm incision and a surgical drainage is added, which should remain within the armpit for about a week. Possible immediate complications of this operation are weakness in the inside of the arm and bleeding, while in the long run a small degree of stiffness in the shoulder and swelling in the arm (lymphoedema) may occur.
The type of cancer, its magnitude and the existence of metastatic disease are those factors that will determine if the patient needs mastectomy or not. A mastectomy surgery involves removal of the whole breast and can be performed either as a single surgery or in conjunction with a Breast Reconstruction procedure. In selected cases, irradiation after mastectomy is necessary. In addition, during mastectomy, four lymph nodes are usually removed from the armpit to control possible disease metastasis (axillary lymph node sampling). For further information, see axillary area surgery.
It is Mastectomy surgery which is performed without Breast Reconstruction. At the end, there is only a straight line running across the anterior surface of the chest. Mr. Constantine Benetatos will try to make the section as smooth and flat as possible. After the surgery, the patient may choose to use an artificial outer prosthesis on the inside of the bra so as not to notice the difference in the breasts when she is dressed.
It is essential that the patient stays in the hospital for one to two hours after the surgery. There is a surgical drainage that should remain for five to seven days after the patient’s discharge. There is a small risk of post-operative complications such as bleeding, inflammation, asymmetry and wound healing problems as well as fluid collection in the area.
This type of mastectomy involves the removal of the breast (gland and fat) by maintaining all or part of this skin and the immediate restoration of the breast. In most patients, it is not necessary to remove the skin for the treatment of cancer. The nipple will sometimes need to be removed and this will depend on the planned treatment plan – this is a perspective that should be discussed during the session with Konstantinos Benetatos. In this operation, restoration can be done either by adding a Silicone Insert or by using a flap using skin, fat or muscle from the body of the patient itself.
It is important for the patient to be informed that when the above procedure is performed, there is a risk of a small necrosis of the remaining part of the skin, as its blood supply after removal of the breast – from where it is bleeding – is not sufficient. This is more likely to happen to patients who are smokers, which means that for these patients a more appropriate method is chosen, which can be further discussed with Konstantinos Benetatos.
In this case the nipple, for the most part, is kept on the chest. Intervention is usually performed in patients undergoing prophylactic mastectomy, where a healthy breast is removed to reduce the risk of developing cancer in cases of severe family history or mutation in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes.
This type of surgery involves extensive tumor resection, i.e., the removal of the tumor and a small portion of the healthy tissue environment (known as broad local excision), with the result that most of the breast is maintained and the nipple usually remains intact . In the majority of these patients, supplementary radiation therapy of the remaining breast is recommended.
This surgery is a very good option because, aside from the fact that it is a shorter period of surgery, patients avoid a mastectomy operation (which removes the whole breast). However, the effectiveness of the treatment depends on the type, extent and location of the cancer in each patient.
A wide local epithelial surgery is performed on a daily basis and is performed under general anesthesia, and the location of the scar depends on the area in which the tumor is located. If the tumor is not palpable and the disease is diagnosed only by mammography then a guide wire is inserted under radiological control and identifies the exact area to be removed. For a better aesthetic effect, the incision should be made around the nipple or submax, but this is not always feasible and therefore the scar will be more prominent.
It is common for patients to have a slight disruption of the architecture-immersion- in the area of excision, which may become more pronounced after radiation. If more than ten percent (10%) of the breast tumor is removed, it is likely that the treated breast develops a significant deformity or difference in volume compared to healthy breast. In this case Mr. Konstantinos Benetatos may recommend a different surgical procedure to avoid this problem, such as a surgical procedure of Breast Surgery.
Mr. Konstantinos Benetatos is an experienced surgeon in breast surgery, including replacement and volume displacement techniques for removing the amount of breast. Common techniques include Breast Reduction, translocation of tissue from the back, abdomen, and thighs / buttocks for partial or complete breast reconstruction and symmetry.
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